UPSC IAS Prelims Exam 2019 TOP 10 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWER PART-1
Here we are providing the Model test paper for IAS Prelims Exam 2019, which is based on the UPSC IAS Prelims Exam format and we have incorporated the explanation to each and every question to make the answer clear to the IAS aspirants.
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1. Which one of the following processes is related to the formation or modification of the present atmosphere?
a) Solar winds
b) Degassing
c) Photosynthesis
d) All of the above
Answer: d
Explanation: The present composition of the earth’s atmosphere is chiefly contributed by nitrogen and oxygen. The first stage is marked by the loss of the primordial atmosphere. In the second stage, the hot interior of the earth contributed to the evolution of the atmosphere. Finally, the composition of the atmosphere was modified by the living world through the process of photosynthesis.
The early atmosphere, with hydrogen and helium, is supposed to have been stripped off as a result of the solar winds. During the cooling of the earth, gases and water vapor were released from the interior solid earth. The process through which the gases were outpoured from the interior is called degassing. Continuous volcanic eruptions contributed water vapor and gases to the atmosphere.
2. Consider the following statements regarding the Great Bath located at the site of Mohenjodaro of Harappan Civilisation:
I. The Great Bath is finely built brick structure measures 12 m by 7m and is nearly 3m deep from the surrounding pavement.
II. The floor of the bath was constructed of sawn bricks set on edge in gypsum mortar, with a layer of bitumen sandwiched between the inner and outer bricklayers.
III. Water was evidently supplied by a large well in an adjacent room, and an outlet from one corner of the bath led to a high corbelled drain disgorging on the west side of the mound.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. I and II
c. I and III
d. All of the above
Answer: d
Explanation: The floor of the bath was constructed of sawn bricks set on edge in gypsum mortar, with a layer of bitumen sandwiched between the inner and outer bricklayers. Water was evidently supplied by a large well in an adjacent room, and an outlet from one corner of the bath led to a high corbelled drain disgorging on the west side of the mound. Surrounding the bath were porticos and sets of rooms, while a stairway leading to an upper story. It has been generally agreed that this bath was linked with some sort of ritual bathing which has been very common in Indian life right from the ancient times till today.
3. Consider the following statements regarding the Vedic tradition:
I. The early Vedic tradition, compiled between c.1500 and 1000 BCE.
II. The Rigveda consists of hymns in praise of a variety of deities, especially Agni, Indra, and Soma.
III. Many of the hymns were chanted when sacrifices were performed, where people prayed for cattle, sons, good health, long life, etc.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
A. Only I
B. I and II
C. I and III
D. All of the above
Answer: d
Explanation: There were several pre-existing traditions of thought, religious belief, and practice, including the early Vedic tradition, known from the Rigveda, compiled between c.1500 and 1000 BCE. The Rigveda consists of hymns in praise of a variety of deities, especially Agni, Indra, and Soma. Many of these hymns were chanted when sacrifices were performed, where people prayed for cattle, sons, good health, long life, etc.
4. Consider the following statements regarding the valley glaciers:
1. When a mass of ice from the high mountainous regions starts moving down into the pre-existing valleys, it is called a valley glacier.
2. Valley glaciers are quite different from the mountain glaciers.
3. The longest glacier in India is the Siachen Glacier in Karakoram Range which is 72 kilometres long.
Which of the following above statements is true?
a. 1 and 2
b. 2 and 3
c. 1 and 3
d. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: c
Explanation: When a mass of ice from the high mountainous regions starts moving down into the pre-existing valleys, it is called a valley glacier or a mountain glacier. The shape of the valley glaciers depends on the valley it occupies. Where the valley is broad, the glacier spreads outwards and where the valley is narrow, the glacier contracts. The longest glacier in India is the Siachen Glacier in Karakoram Range which is 72 kilometres long. Gangotri Glacier in Uttarakhand is 25.5 kilometres long. There are many smaller glaciers in other parts of the Himalaya. Their length varies from 5 to 10 kilometres. The two important rivers of India, the Ganga and Yamuna, originate from Gangotri and Yamunotri glaciers respectively.
5. Which of the following term regarding intrusive volcanic landforms are correctly matched?
Sill- lava solidifies almost perpendicular to the ground.
Phacolith-found at the base of syncline of top of anticline.
Laccoliths-when lava settles in a saucer shape while moving on a horizontal weak plane.
Choose the incorrect statements?
a) Only 1
b) Only 2
c) Both 1 and 3
d) All are correct.
Answer: c
Explanation: Laccoliths are large dome-shaped intrusive bodies with a level base and connected by a pipe-like conduit from below.
Lopoliths are formed when the lava moves upwards, a portion of the may tend to move in a horizontal direction wherever it finds a weak plane and develops into a saucer shape concave to the sky body.
Phocoliths are wavy mass of intrusive rocks found at the base of synclines or at the top of anticline in folded igneous country.
The near horizontal bodies of the intrusive igneous rocks are called sill or sheet, depending on the thickness of the material.
Dykes are formed when the lava makes its way through cracks and solidifies almost perpendicular to the ground.
6. Consider the following statements regarding the mineral deposits found in North-western region of India:
I. This belt extends from gulf of Khambhat in Gujarat to the Aravalli range in Rajasthan.
II. Petroleum and natural gas are principal resources of this belt.
III. The region is known for reserves and production of several non-ferrous metals particularly copper, silver, lead, and Zinc.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. Only II
c. Both I and II
d. Neither I nor II
Answer: c
Explanation: This belt extends from gulf of Khambhat in Gujarat to the Aravalli range in Rajasthan. Petroleum and natural gas are principal resources of this belt. Deposits of other minerals are small and scattered. However, it is known for reserves and production of several non-ferrous metals particularly copper, silver, lead, and Zinc.
7. Which of the following rivers flows between the mountain ranges of Vindhyas and Satpura?
a. Gomti
b. Narmada
c. Ganga
d. Brahmaputra
Answer: b
Explanation: Peninsular India can be studied under two distinct sections. The mountain ranges of the Vindhyas and Satpura run parallel to each other from east to west. In between these two, flows the river Narmada going towards the Arabian Sea.
8. In order to protect themselves from the famine that took place in Magadha after 200 years after the death of Mahavira and they developed differences among the practices of local Jaina followers. The Jaina followers who came back from Southern states were called as:
a. Digambara
b. Svetambara
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above
Answer: a
Explanation: It is said that there was a great famine that took place in Magadha 200 years after the death of Mahavira. The famine lasted for 12 years, and so in order to protect themselves many a Jaina went to the southern states under the leadership of Bhadrabahu, but the rest of them stayed back in Magadha under the leadership of Sthalabahu. The immigrant Jainas spread Jainism in south India. At the end of the famine they came back to Magadha, where they developed differences with the local Jainas. Those who came back from the south claimed that even during the famine they strictly observed the religious rules, on the other hand, they alleged, the Jaina ascetics living in Magadha had violated those rules and become lax. In order to sort out these differences and to compile the main teachings of Jainism a council was convened in Pataliputra, modern Patna, but the, southern Jainas boycotted the council and refused to accept its decisions. , From now onwards the southerners began to be called Digambaras, and the Magadhans Svetambaras.
9. In a case, if the same person is appointed as the governor of two or more states, the emoluments and allowances payable to him will bear by:
a. One of the two states decided by the President
b. The first state in which he was appointed
c. Both the states shared by in such proportion as determined by the president.
d. The second state in which he has been appointed
Answer: c
Explanation: The Governor should not be a member of either House of Parliament or a House of the state legislature. If any such person is appointed as governor, he is deemed to have vacated his seat in that House on the date on which he enters upon his office as the governor. He is entitled to such emoluments, allowances and privileges as may be determined by Parliament. When the same person is appointed as the governor of two or more states, the emoluments and allowances payable to him are shared by the states in such proportion as determined by the president. His emoluments and allowances cannot be diminished during his term of office.
10. Consider the following statements regarding the provisions made by the constitution to safeguard and ensure the independent and impartial functioning of the UPSC:
I. The chairman or a member of the UPSC can be removed from office by the president only in the manner and on the grounds mentioned in the Constitution. Therefore, they enjoy security of tenure.
II. The chairman of UPSC (on ceasing to hold office) is not eligible for further employment in the Government of India or a state.
III. The entire expenses including the salaries, allowances and pensions of the chairman and members of the UPSC are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India. Thus, they are not subject to vote of Parliament.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. I and II
c. II and III
d. All of the above
Answer: d
Explanation: The Constitution has made the following provisions to safeguard and ensure the independent and impartial functioning of the UPSC:
• The chairman or a member of the UPSC can be removed from office by the president only in the manner and on the grounds mentioned in the Constitution. Therefore, they enjoy security of tenure.
• The conditions of service of the chairman or a member, though determined by the president, cannot be varied to his disadvantage after his appointment.
• The entire expenses including the salaries, allowances and pensions of the chairman and members of the UPSC are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India. Thus, they are not subject to vote of Parliament.
• The chairman of UPSC (on ceasing to hold office) is not eligible for further employment in the Government of India or a state.
• A member of UPSC (on ceasing to hold office) is eligible for appointment as the chairman of UPSC or a State Public Service Commission (SPSC), but not for any other employment in the Government of India or a state.
• The chairman or a member or UPSC is (after having completed his first term) not eligible for reappointment to that office (i.e., not eligible for second term).
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